What is Health
According to WHO A health is a state of
completely physical mental and social well being i.e "Health is the state of mind and physicality where every person should be fit ."
Factors, Which Affect Our Health
There are many factors which affect our Health they are
:-
(i) Physical Environment: - The environment in which
we live must be clean and hygienic. If it’s dirty, it can attract germs and
pathogens, which can adversely affect our health. Open sewage system, stagnant
water, open throwing of garbage these all things harm the community health very
badly.
(ii) Social Environment: - A good social environment is
must for our mental health because they help to grow our intelligence and
mental fitness.
(iii) Lack of Nutritious food :- Taking good quality and
nutrias food is essential for good health. Good quality of food means which
have lots of vitamins, minerals, protein, fiber and other essential elements.
(iv) Aging :- It’s a process which involved age related
changes. It is a natural process. When we become older some of our body process
becomes slower, body become slightly weak, and health may also become weaker.
HUMAN DISEASE
The disease can be defined as the malfunctioning of the
body and organs due to one or more reasons. In other words disease indicates
the presence of some disorder or problem within the body.
TYPES OF DISEASE
A. On the basis of spreading the diseases are
classified into two categories they are:-
1.
Infectious Disease
2.
Non-Infectious Disease
1. INFECTIOUS DISEASE :- This type of disease can be
communicated from one person to another person. These are caused by the attack
of microorganism/ infectious agents. Such agents are called as Pathogens. These
include bacteria, Virus, fungi or protozoan’s.
Ex:- Tuberculosis (TB) , Leprosy, Malaria
2. NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASE :- They are
non-transmitted from one person to another. These disease are not caused by
infectious disease, these occur due to malfunctioning of body, organ or due to their
weakness
Ex:- Diabetes, Heart disease, Cancer, Kwashiorkor etc.
B. On the basis of time the disease are classified into
two :-
1.
Acute Disease
2.
Chronic Disease
1. Acute Disease :- They have a small duration and
can treated very easily they does not affect the health too much. The person
will feel weakness and tiredness but can be recovered soon.
Ex:- Common cold, Diarrhoea.
2. Chronic Disease :- They have very long duration.
They slowly degrade the health of a person as well as affect very badly on
health. They loss their weight and the immune system is also affect very much
they take lots of time to recover that disease.
Ex:- AIDS, Cancer etc.
CAUSE OF DISEASE
There are many cause of Disease like :-
1. Disease
caused by infectious agent :- AIDS, Malaria, Chicken pox, Small pox,
Ringworm etc.
2. Disease
caused by nutritional deficiency :- Marasmus, Goiter, Scurvy etc.
3. Disease
caused by change in body physiology
:- Heart attack, Diabetes, High blood pressure.
4. Disease
caused by genetic factor :- Colorblindness, Hemophilia.
4. Disease
caused by uncomfortable surrounding :- Depression, Sleeplessness, Anxiety.
SPREAD OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE
Infectious disease are highly communicable, i.e, they
can easily spread from one person to the other through various method they are :-
(i) Spread through Air
·
Many infectious disease and specially that
which affect the respiratory system of
the person, are spread through air.
·
When an infected person Sneeze or cough,
many little droplets are thrown in air. If a healthy man breath in that
environment, they can catch the infection and the healthy person also going to suffer
from that disease.
·
This spreading mostly spread in the areas
like Overcrowded or Poor ventilated.
·
Ex:- Tuberculosis, Pneumonia
(ii) Spread through Water
·
Water is very common means of spreading a
disease. If we are not taking clean water, chances of disease occurrence is
very high.
·
The excreta (urine and faecal waste) of an
infected person are thrown near the water resource they get mixed with the drinking
water and make it polluted.
·
Ex:- Dysentery, Hepatitis
(iii) Spread through Food
- to the blood of a healthy man.
·
Ex :- Malaria
( (v) Spread through Physical contact
Many disease spread when we come in direct
physical contact with the infected person or with the items used by him like
Towels, clothes of the infected person must not be used in disease like TB,
Leprosy etc.
(vi) Spread through Sexual Contact
·
In some disease sexual relation with the
infected persons are highly risk contact with body fluid of such person may
immediate results in new infections. Ex:- Syphillis, AIDS
SYMPTOM OF DISEASE
·
There are many unusual begin to appear such
as Headache, body pain, restlessness, cough, and fever etc.
·
There are also a specific symptom for the
specific organs and these specific symptom depend on the tissue organ which is
targeted by the infectious agent. For ex:- Dysentery will target the intestine, so the person
will suffer from loose motions and stomach pain.
·
Tuberculosis
will target the lungs and the patient would have cough and Blood
vomiting .
·
The
HIV (Virus of AIDS) target the immune system.
PRINCIPLE OF TREATMENT
There are two principles are involved in the principle
of treatment:-
(a) To
reduce/stop the effect of Disease :- The symptom of the disease such as
pain, fever etc are mainly because of inflammations. These symptom can be
reduced or minimize by taking drugs and other symptom like cough, sneeze, loose
motion can also be reduced due to medication.
(b) To kill the
infectious agent or the cause of disease :- To kill the microbes we take we
take certain chemicals in the form of medicine the drugs called as antibiotics
so, we have to kill that microbe or bacteria which cause that disease so that
we can be disease free.
PRINCIPLE OF PREVENTION
There are many measures by which we can prevent from
the disease :-
- Always maintain personnel as well as
community health.
- Never buy food articles which are open and
sold at road sides.
- Never collect the water near to your house.
- Cover the entire drainage system.
- Encourage Immunisation to the children’s.
- Drink clean water and eat healthy food.
IMMUNISATION
- It is a process in which we inject some killed microbes
or such agent which are similar to that microbes and when we inject that
according the microbe our body is started to make antibody against it and when that
same microbe come because or body have antibody to fight against that microbes
or antigen we will not suffer from that particular disease.
- The concept was first introduced by physician, Edward Jenner.
- There are some common example of
vaccination is:- BCG(Bacillus Calmette-Guerin),
for tuberculosis etc,
0 Reviews